Detection of the phosphorylated histone protein gamma-H2AX (“gamma-h-two-a-x”) is commonly used to assay for this phenomenon. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this phenomenon induced by Cas9 during CRISPR editing to trigger either non-homologous end joining or HDR. Thymine dimers are produced in the “direct” form of this general phenomenon.
ANSWER: DNA damage [accept double-strand breaks or DSBs; prompt on damage or breaks or lesions or errors by asking “to what molecule?”]
[10m] Name this object that is grouped with the speaker’s shadow in a poem whose speaker hopes that “one day we three will meet again.” After looking at this object, another poem’s speaker “lowers my head / and thinks of home.”
ANSWER: moon [accept “Drinking Alone by Moonlight”]
[10e] Unrepaired DNA damage can cause aberrant “micro” examples of this organelle to form. This organelle dissolves during mitosis and contains a cell’s chromosomes.
ANSWER: nucleus [or nuclei; accept micronucleus or micronuclei]
[10e] The speaker “raises my head and looks at the bright moon” in “Quiet Night Thought,” a poem by this Chinese poet of “Drinking Alone By Moonlight.”
ANSWER: Li Bai [or Taibai; accept Li Po or Li Bo]
[10h] DNA damage in micronuclei can result in chromothripsis, in which many of these events catastrophically occur simultaneously in a localized cluster. One type of these events forms in the BCR-ABL protein in CML.
ANSWER: chromosomal rearrangements [prompt on reciprocal translocations, deletions, inversions, or duplications by asking “what more general type of event is that?”; prompt on mutations] (The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene is found on the Philadelphia chromosome, which is formed by a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22.)
[10h] Bai Liusu is told her specialty is bowing the head by Fan Liuyuan, who says he loves her but only marries her after they survive the bombing of Hong Kong in Love in a Fallen City, a novella by this author of Lust, Caution.
ANSWER: Eileen Chang [or Chang Ai-ling or Zhang Ailing]
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