Question
Judea Pearl pioneered the use of directed acyclic graphs, or DAGs, for studying this relationship. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this relationship often quantified via treatment effects. Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard in a field devoted to inference about this relationship.
ANSWER: causality [or causation; accept word forms such as cause; accept causal inference]
[10m] In an analysis named for these features, causal effects on a DAG are found by summing products of coefficients named for them. The rise of the QWERTY keyboard exemplifies a “dependence” on these features in economics.
ANSWER: paths [accept path analysis; accept path coefficients; accept path dependence]
[10h] Independent variables in a DAG can be made dependent by conditioning on one of these variables, so named because two arrows point into them. Berkson’s paradox exemplifies a form of bias named for these variables, in which controlling for one of them induces spurious correlations.
ANSWER: colliders [accept collider bias]
<Morrison, Social Science>
Summary
| 2024 ESPN @ Chicago | 03/23/2024 | Y | 6 | 10.00 | 83% | 17% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Columbia | 03/23/2024 | Y | 6 | 15.00 | 83% | 50% | 17% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Duke | 03/23/2024 | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 100% | 50% | 0% |
Data
| >:3 | 2 days into college and I'm 3 lectures behind | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Charlotte Mewing to get that chiseled farmer’s bride jawline | Oh the Missouri | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| purdoobie brothers | Chicago A Minus Minus | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Chicago B | Nobodaddy but you | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| BHSU | Michigan | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| malcolm in the middlemarch (Purdue 1) | Noli Me Tangerine | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |