Question
Judea Pearl pioneered the use of directed acyclic graphs, or DAGs, for studying this relationship. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this relationship often quantified via treatment effects. Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard in a field devoted to inference about this relationship.
ANSWER: causality [or causation; accept word forms such as cause; accept causal inference]
[10m] In an analysis named for these features, causal effects on a DAG are found by summing products of coefficients named for them. The rise of the QWERTY keyboard exemplifies a “dependence” on these features in economics.
ANSWER: paths [accept path analysis; accept path coefficients; accept path dependence]
[10h] Independent variables in a DAG can be made dependent by conditioning on one of these variables, so named because two arrows point into them. Berkson’s paradox exemplifies a form of bias named for these variables, in which controlling for one of them induces spurious correlations.
ANSWER: colliders [accept collider bias; accept word forms such as colliding variables]
<Morrison, Social Science>
Summary
| 2024 ESPN @ Brown | 04/06/2024 | Y | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Cambridge | 04/06/2024 | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 100% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Online | 06/01/2024 | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 67% | 67% | 0% |
Data
| A VK a Day Keeps the Doctor Away | Eugene o'Negging | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| You, Me and the Big G | Heat-Oppressed Brains | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |