This technique’s efficiency is most commonly evaluated with TIDE analysis or with a program whose name is a portmanteau of this technique and “espresso.” Variants of this technique that use a comparatively small protein denoted “12a” are notable for generating overhangs. The H840A and D10A mutations of an enzyme used in this technique can disable that enzyme’s RuvC (“ruv-C”) or HNH domains, thus making it catalytically dead. This technique uses a protospacer adjacent to an NGG motif as the target for a guide RNA molecule. The discovery that an endonuclease found in S. pyogenes could be used for this technique won Charpentier and Doudna the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. For 10 points, name this technique that uses the bacterial anti-phage enzyme Cas9 to edit genes. ■END■
ANSWER: CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing [or Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat editing; accept Cas9 gene editing until “Cas9” is read; accept answers involving other Cas enzymes such as Cas12a until “Cas9” is read; accept CRISPResso; prompt on gene editing or genome editing or genome engineering]
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= Average correct buzz position