These devices can be fusion spliced together to maintain a low gap loss after generating a quality cleave in them using the scribe-and-tension method. (-5[1])These devices are produced from multi-story (0[1])draw towers. (10[2])Erbium-doped amplifiers are used in conjunction with these devices to prevent degradation and allow them to leverage wavelength-division multiplexing. (-5[2])The acceptance angle of these devices corresponds (-5[1])to their numerical aperture. (10[1]-5[3])Dispersion (-5[1])limits (-5[2])the maximum length (-5[2])of the multi-mode types (-5[1])of these (10[2])waveguides, (10[2]-5[2])which (-5[1])have a higher ratio (10[1])of core (10[2])to cladding diameter (10[2])than their (10[1])single-mode type. (-5[1])For 10 points, (10[1])total internal (-5[1])reflection confines light (10[5])inside (10[1])what long, (10[1]-5[1])thin (10[1]-5[1])communication (10[3]-5[3])devices (10[6])used (10[1])for high-speed (10[1])Internet? (10[2])■END■ (10[15]0[4])