In Icelandic, “quirky subjects” are assigned unusual instances of these features by the verb. Spoken dialects (10[1])of Arabic omit morphemes, often vowels, that mark these features called ’i‘rāb. (10[1])Inherent and structural types of these features are respectively based on semantic roles (-5[1])or placement in a (10[1])syntax tree, such as the complement of a verb phrase. (-5[1])Jean-Roger Vergnaud (“vairn-YO”) argued that every noun phrase has one of these features, (-5[1])proposing their namesake “filter.” Split ergativity occurs when a language uses multiple morphosyntactic alignments to assign these features to nouns. (10[2])Some Uralic (-5[1])languages have (-5[2])over 14 (10[1]-5[1])of these features, including (10[1])illative, (10[1]-5[2])ablative, (10[4])and dative (10[4]-5[1])ones. (10[2])For (10[1])10 (10[1])points, (10[1]-5[1])name these features (10[1]-5[1])that change the (10[1])inflection of a noun (10[1])and include (0[1])the nominative (10[1])and accusative. (10[2])■END■ (10[4]0[3])