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Congenital defects of this disorder include joint contractures that cause a clenched fist with overlapping fingers. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this genetic disorder that causes various malformations including heart defects and rocker-bottom feet, and is the second most common trisomy disorder after Down syndrome.
ANSWER: Edwards syndrome [or trisomy 18]
[10e] Trisomy disorders like Edwards syndrome are scanned for during pregnancy using this technique. Echocardiography is a type of this technique, which uses high-frequency acoustic waves to look at the uterus.
ANSWER: prenatal ultrasound [or ultrasonography; accept ultrasonogram]
[10m] Edwards syndrome may cause a Dandy–Walker malformation, in which a portion of this structure called the vermis is absent. This structure is displaced down through the foramen magnum in a Chiari (“kee-AH-ree”) malformation, and receives information via mossy and climbing fibers.
ANSWER: cerebellum [accept cerebellum vermis or cerebellar tonsil; prompt on brain]
<Maryland B, Biology>

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Florida2025-02-01Y110.00100%0%0%
Great Lakes2025-02-01Y412.50100%25%0%
Lower Mid-Atlantic2025-02-01Y510.00100%0%0%
Midwest2025-02-01Y618.33100%50%33%
North2025-02-01Y316.67100%33%33%
Northeast2025-02-01Y512.0080%20%20%
Overflow2025-02-01Y514.00100%40%0%
Pacific Northwest2025-02-01Y210.00100%0%0%
South Central2025-02-01Y215.00100%0%50%
Southeast2025-02-01Y313.33100%33%0%
UK2025-02-01Y915.56100%44%11%
Upper Mid-Atlantic2025-02-01Y613.33100%33%0%
Upstate NY2025-02-01Y110.00100%0%0%

Data

Cornell BRutgers A010010
Columbia CGeorge Washington A010010
Maryland AGeorge Washington B0101020
Columbia BJohn Jay College010010
NYU APenn A010010
Johns Hopkins AYale A0101020