Edwards syndrome - 2025 ACF Regionals

Question

Congenital defects of this disorder include joint contractures that cause a clenched fist with overlapping fingers. For 10 points each:

[10h] Name this genetic disorder that causes various malformations including heart defects and rocker-bottom feet, and is the second most common trisomy disorder after Down syndrome.

ANSWER: Edwards syndrome [or trisomy 18]

[10e] Trisomy disorders like Edwards syndrome are scanned for during pregnancy using this technique. Echocardiography is a type of this technique, which uses high-frequency acoustic waves to look at the uterus.

ANSWER: prenatal ultrasound [or ultrasonography; accept ultrasonogram]

[10m] Edwards syndrome may cause a Dandy–Walker malformation, in which a portion of this structure called the vermis is absent. This structure is displaced down through the foramen magnum in a Chiari (“kee-AH-ree”) malformation, and receives information via mossy and climbing fibers.

ANSWER: cerebellum [accept cerebellum vermis or cerebellar tonsil; prompt on brain]

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Summary


Florida	2025-02-01	Y	1	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Great Lakes	2025-02-01	Y	4	12.50	100%	25%	0%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	2025-02-01	Y	5	10.00	100%	0%	0%
Midwest	2025-02-01	Y	6	18.33	100%	50%	33%
North	2025-02-01	Y	3	16.67	100%	33%	33%
Northeast	2025-02-01	Y	5	12.00	80%	20%	20%
Overflow	2025-02-01	Y	5	14.00	100%	40%	0%
Pacific Northwest	2025-02-01	Y	2	10.00	100%	0%	0%
South Central	2025-02-01	Y	2	15.00	100%	0%	50%
Southeast	2025-02-01	Y	3	13.33	100%	33%	0%
UK	2025-02-01	Y	9	15.56	100%	44%	11%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	2025-02-01	Y	6	13.33	100%	33%	0%
Upstate NY	2025-02-01	Y	1	10.00	100%	0%	0%

Data


Florida A	UCF B	0	10	0	10
Carnegie Mellon A	Case Western B	0	10	0	10
Michigan B	Case Western A	0	10	0	10
Michigan A	Carnegie Mellon B	0	10	10	20
Ohio State A	Ohio State B	0	10	0	10
Liberty A	Liberty C	0	10	0	10
Virginia Tech A	Liberty B	0	10	0	10
UNC C	South Carolina	0	10	0	10
UNC D	UNC B	0	10	0	10
Virginia A	William & Mary	0	10	0	10
Chicago D	Chicago B	10	10	10	30
Chicago C	Chicago A	0	10	0	10
Missoui S&T	Illinois B	0	10	0	10
Indiana A	Illinois C	0	10	0	10
Illinois A	Missouri	10	10	10	30
WashU A	WashU B	0	10	10	20
Iowa State	Wisconsin B	10	10	0	20
Minnesota B	Wisconsin A	0	10	10	20
Carleton	Winona State	0	10	0	10
BU	Dartmouth A	0	10	0	10
Brandeis B	Tufts A	0	10	0	10
Brown A	Brandeis A	0	10	10	20
Harvard A	MIT A	10	10	0	20
UMass Boston	Harvard B	0	0	0	0
Georgetown A	Notre Dame B	0	10	0	10
Notre Dame A	Georgetown B	0	10	0	10
Iowa	Northwestern B	0	10	0	10
Purdue	Northwestern A	0	10	10	20
Stanford B	Notre Dame C	0	10	10	20
Alberta	UW B	0	10	0	10
UW A	UBC	0	10	0	10
Texas A	ASU	0	10	0	10
Texas B	TAMU	10	10	0	20
Alabama A	Georgia Tech A	0	10	0	10
Louisville A	Georgia Tech D	0	10	0	10
Georgia Tech C	Vanderbilt A	0	10	10	20
Southampton A	Bristol	0	10	10	20
Cambridge A	Southampton B	10	10	10	30
Cambridge B	Imperial B	0	10	0	10
LSE	Warwick B	0	10	0	10
Manchester	Oxford B	0	10	10	20
Cambridge E	NYU C	0	10	0	10
Oxford A	Sheffield	0	10	10	20
Oxford C	Cambridge D	0	10	0	10
Imperial A	Warwick A	0	10	0	10
Cornell B	Rutgers A	0	10	0	10
Columbia C	George Washington A	0	10	0	10
Maryland A	George Washington B	0	10	10	20
Columbia B	John Jay College	0	10	0	10
NYU A	Penn A	0	10	0	10
Johns Hopkins A	Yale A	0	10	10	20
RIT A	Binghamton A	0	10	0	10