The University of Washington’s ADMX experiment uses these devices as RF amplifiers to search for evidence of axions. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these devices containing superconducting loops that can detect extremely weak magnetic fields, down to about 5 quintillionths of a tesla.
ANSWER: SQUIDs [or Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices]
[10e] SQUIDs are extremely sensitive because they experience very little of this random fluctuation in an electric signal. The intensity of this phenomenon’s “white” type does not depend on frequency.
ANSWER: noise [accept shot noise or white noise]
[10m] SQUIDs contain two of these devices, which are made of an insulator sandwiched between two superconductors. Observations of quantum tunneling in these devices were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics.
ANSWER: Josephson junctions [or JJs]
<Editors, Physics>