One of these proteins from the T1R family possesses a VFT module that can close around glutamate. During homologous desensitization, examples of these proteins with phosphorylated tails are targeted for endocytosis after being bound to beta-arrestin. Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka were awarded a Nobel Prize for their research on one of these proteins that binds to epinephrine. Retinal acts as a chromophore in many light-sensitive kinds of these proteins named (*) opsins. A heterotrimeric complex induces adenylyl cyclase to synthesize cAMP following activation of one of these proteins. These proteins characteristically contain seven transmembrane alpha-helical regions. For 10 points, name these proteins that operate in conjunction with G-proteins to initiate signal transduction. ■END■
ANSWER: GPCRs [or G-protein coupled receptors; accept 7TM receptors or seven-transmembrane domain receptors until “seven” is read; prompt on beta-adrenergic receptors with “what family of proteins are they a member of?”; prompt on opsins or rhodopsins until “opsins” is read with “what family of proteins are they a member of?”; prompt on receptor proteins until “receptor” is read; reject “G-proteins”]
<Kane Nguyen, Biology>
= Average correct buzz position