Answer the following about computational Bayesian analysis. For 10 points each:
[10m] Stan is one language that is useful for drawing samples and checking convergence using these methods. These numerical methods are exemplified by the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.
ANSWER: Monte Carlo methods [accept MCMC or Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods; prompt on MC]
[10h] Stan is named after this man, known for pioneering the Monte Carlo method. His work on non-Euclidean metrics built a foundation for cellular automata theory.
ANSWER: Stanislaw (“sta-ni-slav”) Ulam
[10e] Packages that use Stan often fit mixed models, which contain both fixed effects and effects described by this word. Monte Carlo methods rely on “sampling” described by this adjective.
ANSWER: random effects [accept random sampling]
<Jay Kim, Other Science>