Monte Carlo methods - 2024 Penn Bowl

Question

Answer the following about computational Bayesian analysis. For 10 points each:

[10m] Stan is one language that is useful for drawing samples and checking convergence using these methods. These numerical methods are exemplified by the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.

ANSWER: Monte Carlo methods [accept MCMC or Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods; prompt on MC]

[10h] Stan is named after this man, known for pioneering the Monte Carlo method. His work on non-Euclidean metrics built a foundation for cellular automata theory.

ANSWER: Stanislaw (“sta-ni-slav”) Ulam

[10e] Packages that use Stan often fit mixed models, which contain both fixed effects and effects described by this word. Monte Carlo methods rely on “sampling” described by this adjective.

ANSWER: random effects [accept random sampling]

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Summary


2024 Penn Bowl Berkeley	11/02/2024	Y	2	25.00	100%	100%	50%
2024 Penn Bowl CWRU	11/02/2024	Y	4	10.00	100%	0%	0%
2024 Penn Bowl Chicago	11/02/2024	Y	8	17.50	100%	63%	13%
2024 Penn Bowl Florida	10/26/2024	Y	2	15.00	100%	50%	0%
2024 Penn Bowl Harvard	10/26/2024	Y	4	17.50	100%	75%	0%
2024 Penn Bowl Mainsite	11/02/2024	Y	3	26.67	100%	100%	67%
2024 Penn Bowl Playtest	10/12/2024	Y	4	20.00	100%	100%	0%
2024 Penn Bowl Texas	11/02/2024	Y	2	15.00	100%	50%	0%
2024 Penn Bowl UK	10/26/2024	Y	5	18.00	100%	60%	20%
2024 Penn Bowl UNC	10/26/2024	Y	3	16.67	100%	33%	33%

Data


Tufts	MIT	10	0	10	20
Yale A	Yale B	10	0	10	20
Why the Kremlin Hates Bananas	Ill-Advised Buzz	10	0	10	20
We jopping	Khalil v Carbolic Shisha Ball Co	10	0	10	20
LSE	Gressenheller A	0	0	10	10
See it	Oxford School for Quizness	10	0	10	20
UNC A	RIT A	10	10	10	30
UNC C	Virginia Tech A	0	0	10	10
Berkeley B	Berkeley C	10	0	10	20
Stanford	Berkeley A	10	10	10	30
Ohio State C	Carnegie Mellon	0	0	10	10
Michigan B	Michigan A	0	0	10	10
Ohio State A	Ohio State B	0	0	10	10
Pittsburgh	Michigan State	0	0	10	10
UCF	UF A	10	0	10	20
UF B	UF C	0	0	10	10
Brandeis	BU	0	0	10	10
Harvard A	Harvard B	10	0	10	20
Columbia	JHU B	10	0	10	20
JHU A	Maryland	10	10	10	30
NYU A	Princeton	10	10	10	30
Statler and Waldorfesque Former Penn Bowl Editors	TOAD	10	0	10	20
bruh	Oh you like geography? Name every Forrest.	10	0	10	20
Houston	Texas A	0	0	10	10
TAMU	Texas B	10	0	10	20
Illinois A	WUSTL	10	0	10	20
Indiana B	Illinois C	0	0	10	10
Chicago A	Indiana A	10	10	10	30
Northwestern A	Purdue	10	0	10	20
Minnesota	Northwestern B	0	0	10	10
Notre Dame A	Illinois B	10	0	10	20
Chicago B	Notre Dame B	10	0	10	20
SIUE	Notre Dame C	0	0	10	10
3HK1MM	Say it	0	0	10	10
Four Times I Have Despised My Soul	The Crying of Team 49	10	10	10	30
Limp Chriskit	Sorted	10	0	10	20
UNC B	Duke A	0	0	10	10