Note to players: specific answer required. According to Oswald Spengler, these things form when “cultures suddenly become rigid.” Carroll Quigley’s (10[1])work titled for The Evolution of these things describes a process by which these things convert instruments into institutions. Arnold Toynbee examined 19 of these things in A Study of History. Bernard Lewis predicted a conflict between two of these things (10[1])in his article “The Roots of Muslim Rage,” which influenced (10[1])a later work that describes Mexico and Russia as “torn” between these things. Political (10[1])scientist Samuel Huntington is best known for a book responding to Francis Fukuyama in which he posits that future wars will feature a (-5[1])“clash” of these things. For 10 points, name (-5[1])this term for complex societies, such as “ancient” ones in Mesopotamia and the (-5[1])Indus River Valley. ■END■ (10[4])