A defense of this concept by Max Black invoked R. B. Braithwaite’s distinction of premise-circular arguments and rule-circular ones. To resolve a paradox about this concept, I. J. Good rejected Nicod’s criterion regarding an example with a white shoe. Lawlike generalizations are a proposed solution to a problem named for this concept in (10[1])Fact, Fiction, and Forecast. Carl Hempel’s namesake paradox concerns using this (10[1])process to find evidence that all ravens are black. (10[2])Nelson Goodman used the terms (10[1])grue and bleen in a “New (10[1])Riddle” of this process that builds on David Hume, (-5[1])who claimed that there was no way to justify statements such as “the sun will rise” tomorrow. (-5[1])For 10 points, name (-5[1])this process of using observations to make inferences, (-5[2])often contrasted with deduction. ■END■ (10[4])