Question
The Einstein tensor plus this quantity times the metric equals 8 pi big-G over c-to-the-fourth according to the Einstein field equations. For 10 points each:
[10m] The accelerating expansion of the universe is reflected by what quantity in a model that pairs it with “CDM”?
ANSWER: cosmological constant [prompt on lambda-CDM model]
[10e] Einstein introduced the cosmological constant as part of his field equations within this theory, which incorporates the curvature of spacetime into its description of gravitation.
ANSWER: general relativity [or GR; prompt on relativity; reject “special relativity”]
[10h] Unlike Minkowski diagrams, these diagrams are used in general relativity to show causal relationships. They consist of diamonds plotting space against time, where the corners represent conformal infinities.
ANSWER: Penrose diagrams [or Penrose–Carter diagrams]
<Physics>
Summary
| 2024 ACF Winter at Clemson | 2024-11-16 | Y | 8 | 15.00 | 75% | 50% | 25% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Lehigh | 2024-11-16 | Y | 7 | 17.14 | 71% | 71% | 29% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Northwestern | 2024-11-16 | Y | 9 | 22.22 | 100% | 78% | 44% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Ohio State | 2024-11-16 | Y | 7 | 14.29 | 71% | 57% | 14% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at UBC | 2024-11-16 | Y | 3 | 16.67 | 100% | 67% | 0% |
Data
| WashU B | Indiana A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| UChicago D | Miami | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Northwestern A | Purdue C | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| UChicago A | UChicago B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| UIUC A | Purdue A | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| UIUC B | UChicago C | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Purdue B | UIUC C | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| UIUC D | Purdue D | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| WashU C | WashU D | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |