Question
Albert Hirschman repopularized a theory of "commercial republicanism" often credited to this book, which argues that "The natural effect of commerce is to lead to peace." For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this treatise also credited with inventing political sociology for discussing how geography and climate affect a society's general temperament and its form of government.
ANSWER: On the Spirit of the Laws [or answers with "Law" in place of "Laws"; or De l'espirit des lois; or De l'espirit des loix]
[10m] Montesquieu further connected the prevalence of this practice to warm climates. At the Valladolid debate, Bartolome de las Casas argued against applying Aristotle's definition of a "natural" form of this practice.
ANSWER: chattel slavery [or natural slavery; or enslavement]
[10e] Aristotle's concept of "mixed government" preceded Montesquieu's prescription of this concept in which legislative, executive, and judicial abilities are vested in different branches of government.
ANSWER: the separation of powers [prompt on checks and balances]
<Clark Smith , Philosophy - Enlightenment>
Summary
| 2023 NASAT | 06/17/2023 | Y | 9 | 21.11 | 100% | 89% | 22% |
Data
| Kentucky A | Arkansas | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| New Jersey A | Asia B | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Maryland Red | Illinois Orange | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Illinois White | Liberia | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| California | Maryland Gold | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Missouri A | Kentucky B | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Illinois Blue | Missouri B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Pennsylvania | New Jersey B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Virginia | Ohio | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |