These events attracted groups like the Cahorsins, whose name became synonymous with Christian usury. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name these events that took place multiple times per year, typically around feast days like Ascension. They were instituted by Theobald II, who ruled their namesake French county in the 12th century.
ANSWER: Champagne fairs [prompt on fairs]
[10h] This economic historian has argued that the Champagne fairs succeeded because of a “community responsibility system” centered on collective reprisals for transgressions. This Stanford scholar documented a similar system among coalitions of Maghribi Jewish traders.
ANSWER: Avner Greif
[10e] The growing involvement of French authorities in dispute resolution caused the decline of the Champagne fairs, moving trade to cities like this Flemish seaport west of Antwerp and Ghent. This city’s Bourse was the world’s first stock exchange.
ANSWER: Bruges (“broozh”) [or Brugge]
<CS, European History>