The causative agent of this disease contains a pE88 plasmid encoding several ABC transporters. This disease may cause Risus sardonicus and more general opisthotonus (“opp-is-THOT-uh-nuss”) also seen in cerebral palsy or strychnine poisoning. Exotoxins present in this disease include a cholesterol-dependent hemolysin and a ganglioside-binding protein that cleaves synaptobrevin. Renshaw cells are inactivated by this disease, which prevents the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters. It’s not botulism, but this disease is caused by a Clostridium bacterium and has symptoms that can be alleviated by benzodiazepines. A toxoid from this disease is included alongside diphtheria and pertussis in the Tdap vaccine. For 10 points, name this disease that causes muscle spasms associated with exposure to rusty nails. ■END■
ANSWER: tetanus [or lockjaw]
<Editors, Biology>
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