CASY technology is used to count these entities without the need for an electrolyte reservoir, unlike a similar apparatus invented by Walter Coulter. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name these entities that are loaded into a Neubauer counting chamber etched with five different size grids. The viability of these entities can be determined by using propidium iodide or Trypan blue staining.
ANSWER: cells [accept cytes; accept dead cells or apoptotic cells or necrotic cells; accept cell counting or cell viability assays]
[10e] Metabolic cell viability assays often quantify the amount of this molecule produced, such as after adding a firefly luciferase. This molecule is mostly generated by a namesake synthase in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
ANSWER: ATP [or adenosine triphosphate]
[10h] Another common colorimetric viability assay uses this dye, known by a three-letter acronym, which is converted into the purple compound formazan by cellular oxidoreductases.
ANSWER: MTT [or dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium bromide; accept MTT assay or MTT cell viability assay; accept MTS or dimethylthiazol carboxymethoxyphenyl sulfophenyl tetrazolium; prompt on tetrazoles or tetrazolium salts]
<Ohio State A, Biology>