A Karl H. Potter paper argues that Indian conceptions of this concept differ from Western ones in that they are based on “relativity to purpose.” The Nyāya school defended this concept by arguing that goal-directed activity would not take place if this concept did not exist. Karmic particles obscure this concept from the soul in Jain thought, which recognizes five types of this concept including shruta and mati. A spiritual type of this concept is called (*) vidyā. Nāgārjuna argued against the self-establishment of sources of this concept called pramāṇas. Jñāna (“juh-NYAH-nuh”) is the Sanskrit term for this concept, which the Theaetetus explains using a three-pronged definition. For 10 points, name this concept defined as “justified true belief”, the focus of epistemology. ■END■
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Stanford | 10/25/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 0% | 25% | 92.75 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Northwestern | 10/25/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 107.75 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Mainsite (UPenn) | 11/01/25 | Y | 6 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 112.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - BU | 11/01/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 0% | 25% | 97.25 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - CWRU | 11/01/25 | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 98.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - UNC | 11/01/25 | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 114.33 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - WashU | 11/01/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 50% | 0% | 94.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Ottawa | 11/01/25 | Y | 7 | 100% | 0% | 29% | 107.43 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - UK | 11/01/25 | Y | 9 | 100% | 0% | 33% | 102.78 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Online | 11/08/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 108.50 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Murray State | 11/08/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 97.50 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Collins | Quiztian Bale in Ratman Begins | Galactic Ombudsmen | 64 | -5 |
| Oliver Hargrave | Hail to the Sheaf | Burnaburiash's Lapis Lazuli | 86 | -5 |
| Joey Goldman | Washed Scrubs | Coughing Baby | 86 | -5 |
| Brendan Bethlehem | Knorr Stock Clue | Of Mice and Penn | 88 | 10 |
| Omer Keskin | Penn and the Art of Tossup-Bonus cycle Maintenance | question mark | 88 | 10 |
| Antoni Kluzowski | The Bit and the Penndulum | Chimp Brisket | 88 | 10 |
| Eve Fleisig | To buzz is to be perceived | why is it called a score clue if nobody scores points on it | 95 | 10 |
| Michael Wu | Coughing Baby | Washed Scrubs | 110 | 10 |
| Daniel Bloom | Alas poor Warwick, I knew him Edinburgh | 1. Wawa 2. Blank Street 151. Black Sheep at Kings Cross rail | 113 | 10 |
| Ben Russell Jones | Burnaburiash's Lapis Lazuli | Hail to the Sheaf | 113 | 10 |
| Ted Warner | Bristold | Paul Quifford, or, It Was a Dark and Stormy Tournament | 115 | 10 |
| Ben LaFond | Galactic Ombudsmen | Quiztian Bale in Ratman Begins | 115 | 10 |