D. M. Armstrong adopted fictionalism about these entities in arguing that objects are “aspects of, abstractions from” facts. In that book, Armstrong argues for a “combinatorial” view of these entities. Accessibility relations between these entities can impact truth values in relational semantics. These entities are maximally connected objects in concretist definitions of them, which are opposed by Alvin Plantinga’s (*) abstractionist views. These entities were popularized to provide an extensional semantics to modal logic since modal operators can be regarded as quantifiers over these entities. A “plurality” of these entities exist according to David Lewis. Rigid designators refer to the same thing across all of these entities. For 10 points, Gottfried Leibniz argued that we live in the best of what entities? ■END■
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Stanford | 10/25/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 50% | 0% | 58.75 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Northwestern | 10/25/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 25% | 50% | 100.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Mainsite (UPenn) | 11/01/25 | Y | 6 | 100% | 17% | 50% | 94.67 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - BU | 11/01/25 | Y | 4 | 100% | 25% | 25% | 82.25 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - CWRU | 11/01/25 | Y | 3 | 100% | 0% | 67% | 108.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - UNC | 11/01/25 | Y | 3 | 100% | 33% | 67% | 92.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - WashU | 11/01/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 104.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Ottawa | 11/01/25 | Y | 7 | 100% | 43% | 0% | 65.43 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - UK | 11/01/25 | Y | 9 | 100% | 22% | 33% | 95.67 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Online | 11/08/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 50% | 107.00 |
| 2025 Penn Bowl - Murray State | 11/08/25 | Y | 2 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 103.50 |
| Player | Team | Opponent | Buzz Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omer Keskin | Penn and the Art of Tossup-Bonus cycle Maintenance | Washed Scrubs | 15 | -5 |
| Matt Booth | Burnaburiash's Lapis Lazuli | To buzz is to be perceived | 36 | 15 |
| Linus Luu | question mark | Galactic Ombudsmen | 58 | 15 |
| Sam Moore | Knorr Stock Clue | Chimp Brisket | 93 | 10 |
| Zach Foster | 1. Wawa 2. Blank Street 151. Black Sheep at Kings Cross rail | why is it called a score clue if nobody scores points on it | 94 | -5 |
| Michael Wu | Coughing Baby | Quiztian Bale in Ratman Begins | 101 | 10 |
| Charlie Lowman | Paul Quifford, or, It Was a Dark and Stormy Tournament | The Bit and the Penndulum | 106 | 10 |
| Ted Warner | Bristold | Of Mice and Penn | 110 | -5 |
| Vivek Sasse | Hail to the Sheaf | Alas poor Warwick, I knew him Edinburgh | 111 | 10 |
| Joey Goldman | Washed Scrubs | Penn and the Art of Tossup-Bonus cycle Maintenance | 114 | 10 |
| Ethan Webb | Of Mice and Penn | Bristold | 121 | 10 |
| Abdelrahman Elsisi | why is it called a score clue if nobody scores points on it | 1. Wawa 2. Blank Street 151. Black Sheep at Kings Cross rail | 121 | 10 |