A hypothesis for how herbivores and pathogens affect levels of this quantity in forests was proposed by Janzen and Connell. (10[1])A measure of this quantity is given by [read slowly] “one minus the sum of little n times little n minus one, over big N times big N (10[1])minus one.” Measures for this quantity named for Simpson (10[3])and Shannon consider (10[1])both evenness (-5[1])and richness. (10[1])A (10[2]-5[1])“latitudinal gradient” describes how this biological quantity increases near (10[1])the tropics. Regions with high values for this quantity that are threatened by human habitation (10[1])are known as its “hotspots” and include the Amazon Rainforest. For 10 points, name this quantity that measures the variability of species in a (10[1])region. ■END■