Question

Two answers required. In a diagram that commonly uses these two quantities as its axes, one of the boundaries is defined by singularities in the Schwarzschild metric. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name these two quantities which describe the Minkowski space. When coupled into four dimensions, these two words are combined into their namesake “continuum.”
ANSWER: space and time [accept answers in any order; accept spacetime; accept spacetime continuum]
[10h] This diagram, which uses space and time as its axes, assumes that all light rays travel at a 45-degree angle. These diagrams, which are extensions of Minkowski diagrams, are often called conformal due to their treatment of infinities.
ANSWER: Penrose diagrams [accept Carter-Penrose diagrams or Penrose-Carter diagrams; prompt on conformal diagrams]
[10m] Unlike the Schwarzschild metric, both the Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr-Newman metrics assume that the specified body has a nonzero value for this quantity.
ANSWER: charge [accept Q]
<Ezra Santos, Physics>

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2024 Penn Bowl Berkeley11/02/2024Y220.00100%50%50%
2024 Penn Bowl CWRU11/02/2024Y412.50100%25%0%
2024 Penn Bowl Chicago11/02/2024Y813.7588%25%25%
2024 Penn Bowl Florida10/26/2024Y220.00100%50%50%
2024 Penn Bowl Harvard10/26/2024Y415.00100%25%25%
2024 Penn Bowl Mainsite11/02/2024Y310.00100%0%0%
2024 Penn Bowl Texas11/02/2024Y210.00100%0%0%
2024 Penn Bowl UK10/26/2024Y518.00100%20%60%
2024 Penn Bowl UNC10/26/2024Y320.00100%33%67%

Data

NYU BMaryland100010
ColumbiaNYU A100010
JHU APrinceton100010