Question
This field’s fundamental principle is the edge ray principle, which states that if rays on the edges of a source are directed to the edges of a receiver, all interior rays will hit the receiver. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this subfield of optics that studies optimal light transfer, rather than the focusing of light at a target.
ANSWER: nonimaging optics [or anidolic optics]
[10m] Nonimaging optics also developed the principle of conservation of etendue (“ah-tawn-DOO”), which, for an infinitesimal surface dS (“D-S”) emitting light in a cone, equals pi times dS times this quantity squared. For a lens, this quantity equals the index of refraction times the sine of the half-acceptance angle.
ANSWER: numerical aperture [or NA]
[10e] A major application of nonimaging optics is in the design of these devices, which care less about the positioning of incoming rays than being able to convert as many rays as possible into electricity.
ANSWER: solar cells [or solar panels; or solar photovoltaic cells; or PV cells; or photodiodes]
<Fine, Physics>
Summary
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