Question

This field’s fundamental principle is the edge ray principle, which states that if rays on the edges of a source are directed to the edges of a receiver, all interior rays will hit the receiver. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this subfield of optics that studies optimal light transfer, rather than the focusing of light at a target.
ANSWER: nonimaging optics [or anidolic optics]
[10m] Nonimaging optics also developed the principle of conservation of etendue (“ah-tawn-DOO”), which, for an infinitesimal surface dS (“D-S”) emitting light in a cone, equals pi times dS times this quantity squared. For a lens, this quantity equals the index of refraction times the sine of the half-acceptance angle.
ANSWER: numerical aperture [or NA]
[10e] A major application of nonimaging optics is in the design of these devices, which care less about the positioning of incoming rays than being able to convert as many rays as possible into electricity.
ANSWER: solar cells [or solar panels; or solar photovoltaic cells; or PV cells; or photodiodes]
<Fine, Physics>

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Data

JinAh and Jordan from WikiquizJJaryland001010
Let's Fighting LoveNaocissus and Geoldmond by Hermandrew Hesse001010
boy's jitches (ft. DMA)NJ TRANSit (and bobby i guess)001010
Parden the InterruptionSandmännchen im Helikopter001010
1.g4 Test MixtureThe Aum-Wein Drinchard by Amogh Tutuola0101020
chamPAIN and cornHELL in Columbiamnemonists001010