Question
Answer the following about the quantization of conductance, for 10 points each.
[10e] Conductance is quantized in multiples of elementary charge squared over Planck's constant in the quantum form of this phenomenon in which a perpendicular current and magnetic field generate a transverse voltage.
ANSWER: Hall effect [or quantum Hall effect]
[10m] A formula named for this scientist expresses a system’s conductance as the conductance quantum times a sum of transmission eigenvalues. He also names the lower limit on the energy required to erase a qubit of information.
ANSWER: Rolf Landauer [accept Landauer formula; accept Landauer's principle or Landauer limit]
[10h] The conductance quantum is defined by these systems, which can be formed by depleting a 2D electron gas on both sides of a heterojunction until its Fermi wavelength exceeds connection size. More crudely, they can also be formed by ripping a conductor into two until only a nanoscale connection remains.
ANSWER: quantum point contacts [prompt on QPCs; prompt on break-junctions with "which act as what sort of system?"]
<Chen, Physics>
Summary
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| 2024 ESPN @ Cambridge | 04/06/2024 | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 50% | 50% | 50% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Chicago | 03/23/2024 | Y | 5 | 10.00 | 80% | 20% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Columbia | 03/23/2024 | Y | 7 | 10.00 | 86% | 14% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Duke | 03/23/2024 | Y | 2 | 10.00 | 50% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Online | 06/01/2024 | Y | 4 | 7.50 | 50% | 25% | 0% |
Data
| protobowling for soup | JJaryland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| JinAh and Jordan from Wikiquiz | bruh | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| boy's jitches (ft. DMA) | NJ TRANSit (and bobby i guess) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Parden the Interruption | chamPAIN and cornHELL in Columbia | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Naocissus and Geoldmond by Hermandrew Hesse | Sandmännchen im Helikopter | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Let's Fighting Love | The Aum-Wein Drinchard by Amogh Tutuola | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1.g4 Test Mixture | mnemonists | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |