Question

In one assay, this phenomenon is detected in a single cell if the migration pattern displays a “comet” appearance. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this phenomenon that leads to responses such as NER or BER. This phenomenon can occur exogenously using intercalating agents such as ethidium bromide.
ANSWER: DNA damage [or DNA strand breaks; accept DNA lesions; accept single-strand breaks or SSBs; accept double-strand breaks or DSBs; accept descriptions involving DNA strands being damaged or compromised; prompt on mutagenesis or mutations; reject “DNA repair”]
[10e] The appearance of a comet in the namesake assay is attributed to broken DNA of different sizes traveling through these agarose matrices at different speeds during electrophoresis.
ANSWER: agarose gels [accept gel electrophoresis]
[10h] This is the most common kind of DNA damage detected by the comet assay, which may be formed during BER. Only the sugar backbone is retained in these single-strand breaks, missing a purine or pyrimidine.
ANSWER: AP sites [or abasic sites; accept AP endonuclease]
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Data

Penn State BIowa0000
North CarolinaIowa State1010020
OhioCase Western010010
StanfordWUSTL010010