This polity established a namesake alliance with a more northern region following the Summer War, the second of two government expeditions against that more northern region. The British navy bombarded a major city in this sub-national region after the bodyguards of a regent of this polity killed the merchant Charles Lennox Richardson. A leader of this polity established private military academies (-5[1])called shigakkō, (15[2])graduates of which joined him during the siege of Kumamoto Castle. The abolition of the han system led to the end of this region’s control over the (*) Ryukyu Islands. The Keio Reforms were created in response to a conflict named for this domain that ended with the Battle of Shiroyama. That conflict, named for this domain, was led by Saigo Takamori. For 10 points, what southwestern Japanese domain names a rebellion of samurai against the Meiji government? ■END■ (10[1])