In a study by Dranseika, Shoemaker, and Nichols, participants were shown pictures of conjoined twins to test this thinker’s claim that we can distinguish between “person” and “organism.” This thinker’s definition of person as “a thinking intelligent being” is used by Eric Olson to argue that we are fundamentally “living human animals.” Pamphlets attacking this thinker for denying the immortality of the soul were responded to in a work by Catharine Trotter Cockburn. A work by this thinker draws distinctions between the (*) “Day and Night-man” and the “waking (10[1])and sleeping Socrates.” An [emphasize] objection to this thinker imagines a brave officer who forgets being flogged as a boy when he is made a general in old (10[1])age. For 10 points, name this thinker who used the example of a prince’s soul entering a cobbler’s (10[1])body to argue for the memory theory of identity in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. (10[3])■END■