bosons - 2024 ACF Winter at UBC

Question

Answer the following about spontaneous symmetry breaking in particle physics, for 10 points each.

[10e] The W and Z types of these particles require a spontaneous symmetry breaking to explain their nonzero observed mass. One of these particles named for Higgs that imparts mass was discovered in 2012.

ANSWER: bosons [accept W boson or Z boson or Higgs boson]

[10h] For every symmetry that is spontaneously broken, one of these massless spin-zero bosons appears. Pions, which appear in chiral symmetry breaking, often are regarded as “pseudo-” these bosons.

ANSWER: Nambu–Goldstone bosons [or NGBs; accept pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone bosons]

[10m] The symmetries in spontaneous symmetry breaking imply that there are corresponding conservation laws, according to a theorem named for this mathematician.

ANSWER: Emmy Noether (“NUR-tur”) [or Amalie Emmy Noether; accept Noether’s theorem]

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Summary


2024 ACF Winter at UC Berkeley	2024-11-16	Y	3	30.00	100%	100%	100%
2024 ACF Winter at Clemson	2024-11-16	Y	6	18.33	100%	83%	0%
2024 ACF Winter at Lehigh	2024-11-16	Y	8	20.00	100%	63%	38%
2024 ACF Winter at Northwestern	2024-11-16	Y	9	24.44	100%	100%	44%
2024 ACF Winter at Ohio State	2024-11-16	Y	6	20.00	100%	83%	17%
2024 ACF Winter at Online	2024-11-16	Y	8	13.75	100%	38%	0%
2024 ACF Winter at UBC	2024-11-16	Y	3	16.67	100%	67%	0%
2024 ACF Winter at Central Florida	2024-11-16	Y	3	20.00	100%	67%	33%
2024 ACF Winter at Oxford	2024-11-16	Y	11	18.18	91%	82%	9%
2024 ACF Winter at Brandeis	2024-11-16	Y	8	18.75	100%	75%	13%

Data


UBC A	SFU	10	10	20
UBC B	UW B	10	0	10
UW A	Alberta	10	10	20