A model originally applied to one form of this behavior includes a parameter a that represents searching efficiency and was developed by Nicholson and Bailey. Instances of one form of this behavior are more likely to occur between closely related species according to Emery’s rule. A namesake form of castration and micropredation are two of the six major strategies of this behavior. Sexual reproduction may have evolved as a response to this behavior according (10[1])to the Red Queen hypothesis. (10[2])The mafia hypothesis proposes that threat of retaliation leads to acceptance of cuckoos laying their eggs in other (10[1])nests, (10[1])which is a classic example of this behavior’s “brood” form. (10[1])For (10[1])10 points, name this form of symbiosis (10[3])in which the namesake organism benefits at the expense of its host. ■END■