A “quantum” form of this quantity proportional to the density of states reduces this quantity in 2D nanostructures. In 2019, Lukyanchuk et al. used ferroelectric nanoparticles to create devices with negative values of this quantity. This quantity appears larger in the input of a transistor than its output in the Miller effect. “Super” devices with high values of this quantity, like EDLCs, are used in EVs because they deliver power faster than batteries. When circuit components are too close to each other, a “parasitic” form of this quantity may decrease efficiency. This quantity is equal to “permittivity times cross-sectional area over (-5[1])distance,” (10[1])and is increased by sandwiching a dielectric. The charge over the voltage (-5[1])defines, for 10 points, what quantity that measures the ability of a device to store charge? ■END■ (10[2])