The first verse of the Dhammapada (“DUH-muh-puh-duh”) compares this concept to a wheel that follows the ox’s step. A common etymology of this concept compares it to a badly-fitting axle. The three forms of this concept include its vipariṇāma (“vip-puh-rin-NAH-muh”) form “of change” and its sankhāra form “of existence.” This concept is one of the three marks of existence, along with aniccā (“un-NITCH-chah”), or impermanence, and anattā (“un-NUT-tah”), or a lack of unchanging self. This concept is caused by taṇhā (“TUN-hah”), a term for craving or attachment, (10[1])and the cessation of this concept is called nirodha. After living a sheltered life, Siddhārtha Gautama first learns about this concept after encountering age, disease, and death. For 10 points, name this characteristic of mundane life according to the first of the Four Noble Truths, a sensation that can be ended by attaining nirvāṇa. ■END■