Question
One of this research facility’s parent companies faced a 1973 EEOC intervention due to discrimination against women and minorities, which prevented the FCC from granting a rate increase. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this research facility, where computer scientist Erna Hoover received a patent for work on automated call-switching. Hoover’s colleagues at this research facility created the first transistor and discovered the CMBR.
ANSWER: Bell Labs [or Bell Laboratories or Nokia Bell Labs; accept BUT DO NOT REVEAL Bell Telephone Laboratories]
[10e] Hoover’s work in call-switching helped control inputs from these devices. Emma Nutt is often credited as the first of many women hired as switchboard operators connecting these devices invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
ANSWER: telephones
[10m] A 2017 book by Elizabeth Cobbs documented a group of women switchboard operators, like Merle Egan, who were specifically chosen to serve in World War I by this commander of the American Expeditionary Forces.
ANSWER: John Pershing [or John Joseph Pershing; accept Black Jack Pershing; prompt on Black Jack] (Cobbs’ book is The Hello Girls.)
<American History>
Summary
| 2024 ACF Fall at Ohio State | fall | Y | 9 | 21.11 | 100% | 67% | 44% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Washington | fall | Y | 7 | 20.00 | 86% | 43% | 71% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Georgia | fall | Y | 12 | 21.67 | 100% | 50% | 67% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at North Carolina | fall | Y | 9 | 16.67 | 100% | 44% | 22% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Rutgers | fall | Y | 7 | 22.86 | 100% | 43% | 86% |
| 2024 ACF Fall at Illinois | fall | Y | 10 | 21.00 | 100% | 60% | 50% |
Data
| Bard A (UG) | Rowan A (DII) | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Columbia A (UG) | Rutgers A (UG) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Lehigh A (UG) | Maryland B (DII) | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| NYU B | Lehigh B (DII) | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Maryland A (DII) | Columbia J (DII) | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Penn B (DII) | Columbia B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Rutgers B | Princeton A (UG) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |