Question

One of this research facility’s parent companies faced a 1973 EEOC intervention due to discrimination against women and minorities, which prevented the FCC from granting a rate increase. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this research facility, where computer scientist Erna Hoover received a patent for work on automated call-switching. Hoover’s colleagues at this research facility created the first transistor and discovered the CMBR.
ANSWER: Bell Labs [or Bell Laboratories or Nokia Bell Labs; accept BUT DO NOT REVEAL Bell Telephone Laboratories]
[10e] Hoover’s work in call-switching helped control inputs from these devices. Emma Nutt is often credited as the first of many women hired as switchboard operators connecting these devices invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
ANSWER: telephones
[10m] A 2017 book by Elizabeth Cobbs documented a group of women switchboard operators, like Merle Egan, who were specifically chosen to serve in World War I by this commander of the American Expeditionary Forces.
ANSWER: John Pershing [or John Joseph Pershing; accept Black Jack Pershing; prompt on Black Jack] (Cobbs’ book is The Hello Girls.)
<American History>

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Summary

2024 ACF Fall at Ohio StatefallY921.11100%67%44%
2024 ACF Fall at WashingtonfallY720.0086%43%71%
2024 ACF Fall at GeorgiafallY1221.67100%50%67%
2024 ACF Fall at North CarolinafallY916.67100%44%22%
2024 ACF Fall at RutgersfallY722.86100%43%86%
2024 ACF Fall at IllinoisfallY1021.00100%60%50%

Data

Michigan State B CWRU C (UG)10101030
Michigan State A Michigan A (UG) 0101020
Jefferson County Scholars (DII)Michigan D (UG)1010020
Ohio State A (UG) Michigan C 0101020
Michigan B (UG)Ohio State B (DII) 10101030
West Virginia A (UG) Ohio State C (DII) 10101030
Miami C (DII) West Virginia B (UG) 010010
Miami A (UG) CWRU A (UG) 0101020
CWRU B (DII) Miami B (UG) 010010