Question

A large value of this quantity’s “peculiar” form is responsible for a distortion known as the “Fingers of God” effect. For 10 points each:
[10h] Identify this quantity. The Faber–Jackson relation states that the luminosity of an elliptical galaxy is proportional to the fourth power of this quantity’s dispersion.
ANSWER: velocity [accept velocity dispersion or peculiar velocity]
[10e] Unlike the Faber–Jackson relation, the M–sigma relation concerns stars’ velocity as they orbit a galaxy with a supermassive one of these bodies in the center. These bodies allow no light to escape inside their event horizon.
ANSWER: black holes [accept supermassive black holes]
[10m] Vera Rubin’s observation of stellar velocity remaining constant with respect to distance in galaxies led her to hypothesize the existence of this substance. About 27% of the universe’s mass-energy is this substance.
ANSWER: dark matter [reject “dark energy”]
<Other Science>

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Summary

2024 ACF Fall at CornellfallY920.00100%100%0%
2024 ACF Fall at Ohio StatefallY818.7588%88%13%
2024 ACF Fall at WashingtonfallY720.00100%86%14%
2024 ACF Fall at GeorgiafallY1420.71100%100%7%
2024 ACF Fall at North CarolinafallY918.89100%89%0%
2024 ACF Fall at Claremont CollegesfallY120.00100%100%0%
2024 ACF Fall at RutgersfallY722.86100%100%29%
2024 ACF Fall at IllinoisfallY922.22100%100%22%

Data

Miami A (UG) Michigan C 0101020
CWRU C (UG)Miami C (DII) 0101020
Michigan A (UG)Ohio State B (DII)0101020
Michigan B (UG)Jefferson County Scholars (DII)0101020
Michigan D (UG)Michigan State A 1001020
Ohio State A (UG) Miami B (UG) 0101020
West Virginia A (UG) West Virginia B (UG) 0101020
CWRU A (UG) CWRU B (DII) 010010