Question

Modified versions of these compounds undergo poly•epoxidation followed by cyclization during the biosynthesis of ladder polyethers such as cigua•toxin, maito•toxin, and breve•toxin. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these compounds used as precursors in the biosynthesis of many natural products, which consist of alternating CO and CH2 groups.
ANSWER: polyketides
[10e] The biosynthesis of polyketides through chain elongation by repeatedly attaching two-carbon units is very similar to the biosynthesis of these other chains, which can esterify with glycerin to form lipids.
ANSWER: fatty acids [reject “fats”]
[10m] In the typical biosynthesis of polyketides and fatty acids, the initiator is acetyl-CoA and the chain extender is this derivative of coenzyme A, which is based on a three-carbon acid even though only two are added to the chain.
ANSWER: malonyl-CoA
<Gerhardt Hinkle, Chemistry>

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BrownMIT10101030
HarvardBoston College010010
BrandeisTufts0000