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In the 19th century, Dutch subjects participating in this event would endure Middle Passage–style conditions when sailing from Singapore. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this event that began to be dominated by European steamship companies in the 19th century. Richard Francis Burton adopted a Pashtun disguise to partake in this event.
ANSWER: the hajj
[10e] The British mandated the use of this practice for the hajj after an 1865 cholera outbreak. This public health measure could last for 15 days for anyone entering the Ottoman Empire at Thessaly.
ANSWER: forced quarantine [prompt on medical isolation]
[10h] This Ottoman sultan called for Muslims around the world to fund the Hejaz Railway to Mecca. This last Ottoman sultan to hold real power was deposed in 1909.
ANSWER: Abdul Hamid II [or Abdülhamid II; prompt on Abdul Hamid or Abdul or Hamid]
<Michael Bentley, History - Cross, Historiography, and Miscellaneous&gt; ~20097~ &lt;Editor: Michael Bentley>

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Summary

2023 PACE NSC06/10/2023Y2013.5095%25%15%

Data

Barrington ABelmont1010020
Barrington BCarl Sandburg010010
Parkway WestChattahoochee A010010
Choate Rosemary HallMexico010010
Dallas CountyKinkaid010010
Rockford Auburn BDetroit Catholic Central B010010
Thomas Jefferson CHeights010010
Hinsdale CentralWinnebago010010
Innovation Academy AMaggie Walker C010010
Johns Creek ACanyon Crest1010020
Maggie Walker AMira Loma0101020
Johns Creek BNew Brighton010010
Irvington ANorthmont A0000
Richard MontgomerySolon10101030
Rockford Auburn AHunter A1010020
St. Mark'sDetroit Country Day1010020
Thomas Jefferson DStevenson A010010
Winston Churchill AThomas Jefferson A0101020
TroyDetroit Catholic Central A010010
William FremdThomas Jefferson B010010