The internal structures of these objects may be described by a “monolith” or a “cluster” model. One region of these objects contains flux tubes arranged in an “interlocking-comb” structure. The absorption lines of these objects are redshifted at their edges and blueshifted near their centers due to a radial gas current called the Evershed (15[1])flow. The distributions of these objects are depicted on a plot of (*) latitude vs time called the butterfly diagram. (10[1])The outer filamentous regions of these objects are surrounded by a granulation pattern of convection cells. These objects are created in bipolar magnetic regions, which are maximized when the overall field flips polarity approximately every 11 years. The umbra is the center of, (10[1])for 10 points, what dark regions that form transiently on the sun's surface? ■END■