The internal structures of these objects may be described by a “monolith” or a “cluster” model. One region of these objects contains flux tubes arranged in an “interlocking-comb” structure. The absorption lines of these objects are redshifted at their edges and blueshifted near their centers due to a radial gas current called the Evershed flow. The distributions of these objects are depicted on a plot of (*) latitude vs time called the butterfly diagram. (10[1])The outer filamentous regions of these objects are surrounded by a granulation pattern of convection cells. These objects are created in bipolar magnetic regions, which are maximized when the overall field flips polarity approximately every 11 years. (10[1])The umbra (10[1])is the center of, for 10 points, what dark regions that form transiently on the sun's surface? ■END■