A cyclic peptide that damages mitochondria and stimulates this process consists of three repeats of the sequence “oxy-leucine, alanine, oxy-valine, valine.” This process occurs in a “cyclic” fashion in an idiopathic disorder described in section B3b (15[1])of the Rome criteria. Excess occurrence of this process is the most common cause of Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Cereulide (-5[1])(“sear”-EE-you-lyde) stimulates this process by activating 5-HT3 receptors in a section of the area postrema called the (*) chemoreceptor trigger zone. Drugs like on·dan·se·tron and di·men·hy·drin·ate prevent this process, which is preceded by contraction of the antrum, (10[1])relaxation of the fundus, (10[1])and retro·peristalsis in the proximal small intestine. The term “emesis” (10[1])(EM-iss-iss) refers to, for 10 (10[1])points, what forcible expulsion of the contents of the upper GI (10[1])tract? ■END■