A cyclic peptide that damages mitochondria and stimulates this process consists of three repeats of the sequence “oxy-leucine, alanine, oxy-valine, valine.” This process occurs in a “cyclic” fashion in an idiopathic disorder described in section B3b of the Rome criteria. Excess occurrence of this process is the most common cause of Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Cereulide (“sear”-EE-you-lyde) stimulates this process by activating 5-HT3 receptors in a section of the area postrema called the (*) chemoreceptor trigger zone. Drugs like on·dan·se·tron and di·men·hy·drin·ate prevent this process, which is preceded by contraction of the antrum, relaxation of the fundus, and retro·peristalsis in the proximal (10[1])small intestine. The term “emesis” (EM-iss-iss) refers (10[2])to, for 10 points, what forcible expulsion of the contents of the upper GI tract? ■END■