Question
This ion’s nitrate is the primary active ingredient in toothpastes meant for sensitive teeth, such as Sensodyne, since it depolarizes nerves. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this ion. Two of these ions are exchanged for three sodium ions per ATP molecule consumed in a namesake membrane pump.
ANSWER: potassium [or K+ (“k-plus”); prompt on K alone]
[10h] Like most toothpastes, Sensodyne uses this sugar alcohol as a sweetener and to reduce moisture loss. Aldose reductase reduces glucose to this compound, which can cause cataracts in people with diabetes.
ANSWER: sorbitol
[10m] Sensodyne is also helpful for sensitive teeth because it is “free” of this surfactant used as a foaming agent in personal care products. This surfactant is used to equalize protein charge-to-mass ratios in a namesake form of gel electrophoresis.
ANSWER: SDS [or SLS; accept SDS-PAGE; accept sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate; accept sodium laureth sulfate or SLES]
<VD, Chemistry>
Summary
| 2023 ARCADIA at Duke | Emory, Duke, Yale | Y | 4 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Emory | Emory, Duke, Yale | Y | 4 | 10.00 | 75% | 25% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Imperial | Imperial | Y | 5 | 18.00 | 100% | 40% | 40% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Maryland | Maryland, Online | Y | 3 | 6.67 | 67% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Ohio State | Ohio State, Texas | Y | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA Online | Maryland, Online | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 67% | 67% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Texas | Ohio State, Texas | Y | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
Data
| Kenyon B | Kenyon A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Michigan B | Ohio State A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Michigan A | Ohio State B | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |