Question
This ion’s nitrate is the primary active ingredient in toothpastes meant for sensitive teeth, such as Sensodyne, since it depolarizes nerves. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this ion. Two of ion are exchanged for three sodium ions per ATP molecule consumed in a namesake membrane pump.
ANSWER: potassium [or K-plus; prompt on K alone]
[10h] Like most toothpastes, Sensodyne uses this sugar alcohol as a sweetener and to reduce moisture loss. Aldose reductase reduces glucose to this compound, which can cause cataracts in people with diabetes.
ANSWER: sorbitol
[10m] Sensodyne is also helpful for sensitive teeth because it is “free” of this surfactant used as a foaming agent in personal care products. This surfactant is used to equalize protein charge-to-mass ratios in a namesake form of gel electrophoresis.
ANSWER: SDS [or SLS; accept SDS-PAGE; accept sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate; accept sodium laureth sulfate or SLES]
<VD, Chemistry>
Summary
| 2023 ARCADIA at UC Berkeley | Premiere | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 100% | 50% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Carleton University | Premiere | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 67% | 67% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Claremont Colleges | Premiere | Y | 1 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Indiana | Premiere | Y | 5 | 22.00 | 100% | 80% | 40% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at RIT | Premiere | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 50% | 50% | 50% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at WUSTL | Premiere | Y | 3 | 20.00 | 100% | 67% | 33% |
Data
| Notre Dame A | Illinois B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Illinois A | Notre Dame B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Purdue B | Chicago A | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Vanderbilt | Indiana | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Purdue A | Chicago B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |