These quantities are replaced by closed line integrals of these quantities in a transformation that maps elliptical orbits onto straight-line trajectories. For a charged particle in a magnetic field, this quantity is modified by a term equal to the charge times the vector potential. The kinematic viscosity can be regarded as a diffusion coefficient for this quantity. If q is a cyclic coordinate, then its corresponding one of these quantities (15[1])will be (*) conserved. These quantities and the generalized positions are the coordinates of phase space, and are the variables in Hamilton’s equations. As an example of Noether’s theorem, translational symmetry leads to the conservation of this quantity. Kinetic energy is equal to this quantity squared divided by 2m. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to mass times velocity. ■END■