Organisms with this role may perform (*) "fecundity compensation" by having more offspring if future reproduction becomes uncertain. Repeated predation of a relatively high trophic organism with this role is required for "upward incorporation" to occur. In a common life history strategy, organisms with this role are castrated and become part of the castrator's extended phenotype. Multiple organisms with this role are connected, usually through trophic transmission, in a “complex lifecycle.” Organisms with this role are classified as ■END■