Some theories which solve this problem may themselves face the “tacking paradox,” also known as the irrelevant conjunction problem. (-5[1])After his original solution to this problem was criticized for containing outside (15[1])information, I. J. Good created the example (15[1])of an infinitely intelligent newborn (15[1])baby. The paper which describes this problem rejects the converse consequence condition, and follows it with an example of pure ice not turning yellow in a flame test. This problem relies on the (*) equivalence condition (10[1])and Nicod’s criterion, (-5[1])which states (10[1])that universal (10[1])generalizations (-5[2])are supported by their instances. (10[1]-5[2])First laid out in “Studies in the Logic of Confirmation,” this problem results in almost all observations (10[1])confirming (10[1])its central (-5[1])hypothesis. (-5[1])For 10 points, (10[1])name this paradox by Carl Hempel, which concludes (10[1])that the existence (10[2])of green apples confirms the claim that certain birds are black. (10[1])■END■ (10[7]0[2])