This politician justified a turn to austerity by claiming that it would “open a parenthesis.” This politician gained leadership at the Épinay Congress after losing an election as the leader of the FGDS alliance. A rival party leader refused to use the Observatory Affair to (10[1])discredit this politician, (10[1])who lost his seat in 1958 when the SFIO did not remove its candidate. This politician (-5[1])named a doctrine against extraditing terrorists (10[1])convicted (10[1])over (10[1])acts (10[3])from (10[2])the Years of Lead. (10[1])Gaston (-5[2])Defferre (-5[1])was an important (10[1])ally of this (10[1])president, whose Defense Minister (10[1])Charles Hernu resigned after the sinking of the Greenpeace (10[1])ship Rainbow (10[1])Warrior. (10[3])As president, this politician entered the first “cohabitation period” after appointing Jacques Chirac (10[1])as his (10[2])prime minister. For 10 points, (-5[2])name this first President (10[2])of France (-5[1])from the Socialist (-5[2])Party. (10[2])■END■ (10[9]0[4])