Lactate accumulates under this condition due to pyruvate fermentation. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this condition that results in the low pH of the tumor microenvironment. Regions with this condition are typically more than 70 microns from the nearest blood vessel, preventing gas exchange.
ANSWER: hypoxia [or anoxia; or descriptions of low oxygen or no oxygen; accept anaerobic conditions]
[10m] Hypoxic cells retain nitroimidazoles like FMISO, allowing them to be detected by this technique. Fludeoxyglucose is another tracer for this technique.
ANSWER: positron emission tomography scan [or PET scan; prompt on radiography, tomography, scintigraphy, or scintillography]
[10h] Hydrogen peroxide is a byproduct of this protein’s autocatalytic activation, which needs oxygen but still occurs in hypoxia. An “enhanced” variant of this protein was found through optimization with FACS after oligo-directed mutagenesis and contains the S65T mutation.
ANSWER: GFP [or green fluorescent protein; accept EGFP or enhanced green fluorescent protein]
<Biology>