KangarooTwelve and MarsupilamiFourteen are examples of these entities created by a team who also created the Kravatte one of them using the Farfalle construction. Examples of these entities created by a sponge construction include Keccak which won a competition held by NIST in 2012. Types of these entities named for Zobrist can be used to implement transition (*) tables. These entities (10[1]-5[1])can be made stronger by adding a random string to their input which is called salting. (10[1])These functions can be vulnerable (10[1])against rainbow table and birthday attacks. Linear probing can be used to resolve collisions in their namesake data structure. Examples of these functions include MD5 and SHA3. For 10 points, name these functions that map data of arbitrary size to fixed values. ■END■